A Review and Critique of 1. Major Parent Education Programs. The parent education field utilizes a multitude of curricula, making it difficult for Extension professionals, Certified Family Life Educators (CFLE's), parent educators, and parents to choose a series of effective, research- based activities that will meet specific clientele needs for their parenting program. How does a busy Extension professional decide which parenting program is best for his/her clientele who may include incarcerated parents, churches, military, kinship caregivers such as grandparents, mandated parent education for divorcing parents, children who end up in juvenile courts, etc. A review and critique of many of the major parenting curricula and available programs could potentially assist parents and professionals in implementing a program with confidence. Three criteria were used to evaluate each curriculum, and each program's ratings are included in Table 1. Quality Parenting Programs In NycKnowing how busy our Extension agents are and how pulled they are to address the spectrum of clientele needs, the first criterion was a very practical one—the readiness of the curriculum to be used in the field. Ratings ranged from 0 (A parent educator would have to spend a great amount of time creating program materials prior to teaching the curriculum) to 5 (After studying and becoming familiar with the curriculum, an educator could teach the curriculum without having to prepare additional teaching materials). We live and work in an era of information overload and in an era where we experience increased pressure from federal, state, and local governments; funding entities; and land- grant university administrators for greater program effectiveness and accountability. Evidence- based programs (EBPs), according to Small, Cooney, and O'Connor (2. Are well- defined programs that have demonstrated their efficacy through rigorous, peer- reviewed evaluations and have been endorsed by government agencies and well- respected research organizations. EBP's are not simply characterized by known effectiveness; they are also well documented so that they are more easily disseminated. Science- based ratings in this article ranged from 0 (There was no clear evidence of research support in the curriculum) to 5 (A large number of references to research studies were included in the curriculum). Ratings ranged from 0 to 5 and were adapted from Altman (1. Evaluations were attempted, but the quality of studies made results difficult to interpret. They were evaluated in this article by the first author on the following three criteria: 1. How ready to use are the program materials for Extension Agents and other parent educators?; 2. To what degree is the program evidence based?; and 3. What quality empirical evidence is available on the program's effectiveness? Each program was rated on each criterion using a zero to five scale as described above, with clear distinctions between each number rating on a Likert- type scale. Table 1 provides our ratings on each of the three criteria. In our review, we ruled out self- help books about parent education, because generally they are not in a format that is readily usable in a series of weekly group meetings. Strengthening Families Program for Parents and Youth 1. Systematic Training for Effective Parenting; and 4. Triple P- Positive Parenting Program. The STAR acronym for parents is as follows: S- stop themselves from immediately reacting, T- think about their feelings to regain emotional control, A- ask themselves if their expectations are reasonable for their children, and R- respond in a developmentally appropriate and thoughtful manner. The STAR Parenting curriculum is grounded in developmental and cognitive- behavioral theories and also draws upon principles of authoritative parenting (Baumrind, 1. Fox & Nicholson, 2. Positive outcomes from experimental research included a reduction in harsh verbal and corporal punishment as well as a decrease in parental stress, anger, and aggression (Nicholson et al., 2. Non- experimental designs reveal positive outcomes such as parents reporting lowered expectations of their children, an increased use of non- violent positive discipline styles, and decreases in parents' emotional reactions to their children's misbehavior (Fox et al., 1. The program was designed to foster: a healthy future orientation within youth; an increased appreciation of youth for their parents/caregivers; and gains in valuable skills for coping with stress and peer pressure (Bode, Webb, & Molgaard, 2. SFP 1. 0- 1. 4 is based on the biopsychosocial model (De. Marsh & Kumpfer, 1. Spoth, Redmond, & Shin, 2. The resiliency model (Richardson, Neiger, Jensen, & Kumpfer, 1. Kumpfer & Turner, 1. SFP 1. 0- 1. 4. The quality of empirical evidence backing SFP 1. In a randomized control study, Spoth et al. Those in the intervention groups reported less current substance use and a delay in substance use initiation and were maintained in the four- year follow- up. No significant differences were shown between PDFY and SFP 1. SFP 1. 0- 1. 4 and control groups than between the PDFY and control groups (Spoth et al., 2. Out of 5. 6 studies included in the analysis, SFP 1. Foxcroft, 2. 00. 3). Publications on SFP 1. STEP programs are based on Adlerian psychology and the work of Dreikurs and Soltz (1. The goals of misbehavior and cognitive- behavioral strategies provide a base for STEP. A review of 5. 1 studies on STEP from American Guidance Service revealed generally positive results. The studies utilized controls or alternate treatment groups, a pre- test- post- test design, and used objective measures. STEP was shown to positively enhance parent child interaction, parental attitudes, child behaviors, and parental perceptions of child behavior (American Guidance Service, 1. Nurturing Parenting Programs Welcome to the Nurturing Parenting Program website. School Age Basic Program: $1,370. Triple P (parenting program). Triple P is a parenting intervention with the main goals of increasing the knowledge. This program was inspired by health promotion programs aimed at impacting people at the. Brock et al., 1. 99. A more recent study by Adams (2. STEP program reported healthier family functioning than a control group whose children were given general mental health services covering the concepts of problem solving, communication, affective responsiveness, and behavior control. Several studies utilized control or alternate treatment groups and random assignment. Quality Parenting Initiative; Quality Parenting Initiative. BBCBC QPI Brand Statement. Programs and Services; Service Centers; Performance; Network Plans and Reports; Calendars, News and Events; FAQ; Contact Us; Training. Group-based parenting programs using behavioral and cognitive-behavioral interventions have. Positive Parenting Program are examples of programs that received favorable NREPP ratings for both quality of research and. The Quality Parenting Initiative. Define high quality parenting for birth parents. Create a comprehensive QPI communication plan on how to educate stakeholders and infuse QPI across programs. The information in this program outline is provided by the program representative and edited by the CEBC staff. Quality Parenting has been reviewed by the CEBC in the area of: Parent Training Programs that Address Behavior. Parenting practices around the world share three major goals. A high-quality parent-child relationship is critical for healthy development. APA Offices and Programs. Children, Youth and Families. The home of Parenting and BabyTalk Magazines with information on many topics on being a parent. The three goals of Triple P are: 1. Triple P represents one of the few strongly evidence- based parent education programs. Triple P has a theoretical basis in Behavioral Family Intervention, which has strong empirical support as a parenting and family support strategy (Turner & Sanders, 2. Triple P also draws on theoretical perspectives such as social learning models, social information processing models, the ecological context of human development, and population health perspectives (Sanders et al., 2. The creators of Triple P utilized research in family behavior therapy, applied behavior analysis, developmental research on parenting, and developmental psychopathology when designing the program (Sanders et al., 2. A series of studies over a number of years have shown a consistent impact on parenting, anger management, and child development. Studies frequently utilize randomized experimental designs using pre- test- post- test control group design and are published in peer- reviewed journals (see De. Graaf, Speetjens, Smit, de. Wolff, & Tavecchio, 2. Nicholson & Sanders, 1. Sanders, Markie- Dadds, & Tully, 2. Stallman & Ralph, 2. Turner, Richards, & Sanders, 2. Studies published on Triple P demonstrate its effectiveness with young children (see Sanders et al., 2. Stallman & Ralph, 2. Nicholson & Sanders, 1. Turner et al., 2. Promising programs included Intentional Harmony, Make Parenting a Pleasure, and Nurturing Parenting Programs. The curriculum is organized into the following five domains: work and the individual; work and partner; work and children; work stress; and work and extended family and friends (Intentional Harmony, 2. Intentional harmony is based on empirical research and theoretical perspectives of family theory. Multidisciplinary research in the area of work- life stress offers a sound platform for Intentional Harmony's program design. References are numerous throughout the program, citing well- known researchers in the field of work- life balance. Each intervention domain (attention to roles, behavioral conflict and spillover, parenting practices, overload and time conflicts, organizational skills, physical strain, and emotional strain) is soundly supported by theory and research (Wiley, Branscomb, & Wang, 2. The intervention group consisted of participants in the Intentional Harmony program, while the control consisted of past participants in family life programming who were not currently enrolled in any family life program and had never received a work- life management program. Results indicated that participants felt their jobs interfered with their parenting less at time two and less often than usual. In addition, participants showed statistically significant improvements compared to the control group in the outcomes of behavioral conflict and spillover, parenting practices, overload and time conflicts, organizational skills, physical strain, and emotional strain (Wiley et al., 2. MPAP was designed to reduce parental stress and increase parenting skills, social support, and parents' sense of competence, all of which have been validated with empirical data as increasing successful parenting and decreasing risk factors related to child abuse and neglect (Bamba, 2. MPAP caters to parents with children up to seven years old in an effort to prevent child abuse and neglect. Objectives of MPAP include learning the importance of parental self- care, practical stress management and communication skills, child development, positive discipline strategies, and how to build a support network (Saks, Hyman, Reilly, & Rusch, 2. Saks (1. 99. 9) reported that MPAP is grounded in the best practices principles of the Family Resource Coalition of America, adult learning principles, and research findings.
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Keep track of how many skin patches have been used from each new package. Buprenorphine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if anyone is using your medicine improperly or without a prescription. Keep both used and unused buprenorphine skin patches out of the reach of children or pets. The amount of buprenorphine in a used skin patch could be fatal to a child or pet who accidentally sucks or chews on the patch. Seek emergency medical attention if this happens. What happens if I miss a dose? If you forget to change a patch on your scheduled day, remove the patch and apply a new one as soon as you remember. Do not wear extra patches to make up a missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1- 8. A buprenorphine overdose can be fatal, especially in a child or other person using the medicine without a prescription. Overdose symptoms may include slow breathing and heart rate, severe drowsiness, muscle weakness, cold and clammy skin, pinpoint pupils, and fainting. Buprenorphine transdermal can cause death in a child who gets a hold of a skin patch and places it in the mouth or on the skin. What should I avoid while using buprenorphine transdermal? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects or death can occur when alcohol is combined with buprenorphine. Check your food and medicine labels to be sure these products do not contain alcohol. This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how buprenorphine will affect you. Dizziness or severe drowsiness can cause falls or other accidents. Avoid letting another person handle your skin patches. If the sticky side of a skin patch comes into contact with another person, wash the skin with clear water and seek medical care at once. Avoid wearing a skin patch on a part of your body where a child could reach or remove the patch from your skin. Avoid allowing children to watch you put on a skin patch. Never tell a child that the buprenorphine skin patch is a . Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1- 8. FDA- 1. 08. 8. See also: Side effects (in more detail)Buprenorphine dosing information. Usual Adult Dose for Opiate Dependence: Induction dose: -Day 1: 8 mg sublingually once a day- Day 2: 1. Maintenance dose: 4 to 2. Ask your doctor before using buprenorphine transdermal with a sleeping pill, a sedative or tranquilizer, other narcotic pain medicine, muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety, depression, or seizures. You should not use buprenorphine transdermal if you have used an MAO inhibitor in the past 1. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others. Other drugs may interact with buprenorphine, including prescription and over- the- counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using. More about buprenorphine Consumer resources Professional resources Related treatment guides. Where can I get more information? Your pharmacist can provide more information about buprenorphine. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. |
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December 2016
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